On the enchanting island of Crete, nestled amidst the Mediterranean Sea, lies a remarkable historical treasure – Europe’s oldest known road. This ancient marvel, dating back over 3,500 years, showcases the advanced engineering skills of the Minoan civilization.

Spanning approximately 50 kilometers, this Minoan road served as a vital link connecting the grand city of Knossos with the bustling towns of Gortyn and Lebena. What sets this road apart from its time is its exceptional construction and innovative design elements that have stood the test of time.

One of the key features that make this road extraordinary is its sophisticated water management system. The inclusion of side drains along the road helped efficiently channel water runoff, a design choice that significantly contributed to the road’s longevity over millennia.

The roadbed itself is a testament to the Minoans’ engineering prowess. It consists of a meticulously crafted pavement made of sandstone blocks, each measuring approximately 20 centimeters thick. These blocks were expertly fitted together and secured with a durable clay-gypsum mortar, ensuring the road’s stability and durability.

To provide a smooth and hard-wearing surface, a layer of basaltic flagstones was carefully placed atop the sandstone pavement. This additional layer not only enhanced the road’s longevity but also made travel along the road more comfortable and efficient for ancient travelers.

What truly sets this ancient road apart is the inclusion of separate shoulders, a feature that was uncommon during that era. This innovative design element showcases the Minoans’ advanced understanding of road construction and safety measures, ensuring a safe and efficient journey for those traversing the route.

As we marvel at Europe’s oldest known road on the picturesque island of Crete, we are reminded of the remarkable achievements of ancient civilizations. The meticulous craftsmanship and innovative design elements displayed in this ancient road serve as a testament to the ingenuity and sophistication of the Minoan civilization, leaving a lasting legacy that continues to awe and inspire us today.